Controlling Neuronal Networks, Axo-dendritic Polarities and Synapse Formation by Microcontact Printing and Microchannel Techniques

Optimal formation of neuronal networks and synapses are essential for accomplishing higher brain functions. Extracellular molecules and nano-structures are considered to play important roles for in vitro studies of neuronal patterns. By using microcontact printing (μCP) and microchannel techniques, we found that neurons extended their neurites on μCP-defined biochemical patterns, whereas axons could preferentially elongated along no-coated microchannels. As expected, synapses could be formed at the crossing points of microchannel-guided axons and biochemically guided neurites. These results demonstrated that both topographic and biochemical patterning are necessary for the control of well-designed neuronal networks.